Cybersecurity for Connected Cars: How to Keep Your Vehicle Safe

Introduction

Cars have come a long way from simple mechanical machines. Modern vehicles are increasingly connected, offering features like internet access, navigation, remote controls, and even self-driving capabilities. These innovations make driving more convenient and enjoyable, but they also introduce new cybersecurity risks. Just like your smartphone or laptop, a connected car can be hacked, potentially compromising your safety and privacy.

This guide will explore the potential threats to connected cars and provide practical steps to secure your vehicle against cyberattacks. Whether you’re driving a fully electric vehicle or a car with basic connectivity features, understanding these risks is essential for protecting both your data and your physical safety.

Why Connected Cars Are Vulnerable

Connected cars rely on a complex network of systems, including onboard computers, sensors, and internet connectivity. These systems enable a wide range of features, such as remote start, GPS tracking, and real-time traffic updates. However, this connectivity also makes them susceptible to cyber threats.

Here’s why connected cars are vulnerable:

Multiple Access Points: Each connected feature—like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or telematics—serves as a potential entry point for hackers.
Integration with Personal Devices: Pairing your smartphone with your car can expose your personal data if the connection isn’t secure.
Data Collection and Sharing: Cars collect and share vast amounts of data, including location, driving habits, and even biometrics, which can be exploited if intercepted.
Outdated Software: Many vehicles don’t receive regular software updates, leaving them open to known vulnerabilities.

Understanding these risks is the first step toward securing your connected car.

Common Cyber Threats for Connected Cars

Cyber threats targeting connected cars can take many forms, ranging from minor inconveniences to serious safety risks. Below are some of the most common threats:

1. Remote Hacking

Hackers can gain control of a car’s systems remotely through vulnerabilities in its software. This could allow them to manipulate essential functions like braking, steering, or acceleration.

2. Data Theft

Connected cars store sensitive information such as your home address, frequently visited locations, and even payment details for tolls or parking. If this data is not properly secured, it can be stolen and misused.

3. Malware Attacks

Malware can be introduced through USB ports or compromised mobile apps connected to your vehicle. Once installed, malware can disrupt the car’s systems or collect sensitive data.

4. GPS Spoofing

Hackers can send false GPS signals to your car, leading you to incorrect locations or causing confusion for navigation systems.

5. Keyless Entry Attacks

Cars with keyless entry systems are particularly vulnerable to relay attacks, where hackers amplify the signal from your key fob to unlock and even start the car.

How to Secure Your Connected Car

While the risks may seem daunting, there are several steps you can take to secure your vehicle and protect it from cyber threats. Here’s how:

1. Keep Your Car’s Software Updated

Just like your smartphone or computer, your car’s software needs regular updates to stay secure. These updates often include patches for security vulnerabilities that hackers could exploit.

Check your car’s manual or the manufacturer’s website for instructions on how to update your software.
If your car supports over-the-air (OTA) updates, enable this feature to automatically receive the latest updates.

2. Use Strong Passwords for Connected Features

Many connected car systems require you to create an account or set up a PIN. Ensure that these passwords are strong and unique.

Avoid using default or easily guessable passwords.
Change your PIN or password regularly, especially if you suspect unauthorized access.

3. Secure Your Key Fob

Keyless entry systems are convenient but can be exploited by hackers. To protect your key fob:

Use a signal-blocking pouch or Faraday bag to prevent relay attacks.
Store your key fob away from doors and windows when at home.
Consider disabling keyless entry when not in use, if your car allows it.

4. Be Cautious with Third-Party Apps and Devices

Many drivers use third-party apps or devices to enhance their vehicle’s functionality, such as diagnostics tools or entertainment systems. However, these can introduce security risks if they’re not properly vetted.

Only download apps from trusted sources.
Check reviews and security credentials for any third-party devices you connect to your car.

5. Protect Your Network Connections

Cars often connect to Wi-Fi or cellular networks for internet access. Secure these connections to prevent unauthorized access.

Use strong passwords for in-car Wi-Fi networks.
Avoid connecting to public Wi-Fi networks without using a VPN.
Monitor your car’s data usage for any unusual activity.

Physical Security Measures

In addition to digital threats, it’s important to consider physical security to protect your car’s cybersecurity.

Lock Your Vehicle: Always lock your car, even when parked at home, to prevent unauthorized physical access to its systems.
Disable Physical Ports: If you don’t need to use USB or OBD-II ports, consider using port blockers to prevent tampering.
Regularly Inspect Your Car: Check for any signs of tampering, such as unusual devices connected to your car’s ports.

Monitor for Signs of Cyberattacks

Staying vigilant is key to identifying and responding to potential cyber threats. Here are some signs that your connected car may have been compromised:

Unexpected changes in your car’s performance or behavior.
Unfamiliar apps or accounts appearing on your infotainment system.
Notifications about failed login attempts or unauthorized connections.

If you suspect a cyberattack, contact your car manufacturer or dealership for assistance. They can help you reset your systems and secure your vehicle.

Future Trends in Connected Car Security

As the automotive industry continues to evolve, so too will the methods used to protect connected cars. Here are some trends to watch:

Blockchain Technology: Could be used to secure data sharing between vehicles and other systems.
Enhanced AI Security: AI-driven systems may help detect and prevent cyber threats in real-time.
Standardized Security Protocols: Industry-wide standards could improve the baseline security of all connected vehicles.

Staying informed about these developments will help you adapt your security practices as technology advances.

Conclusion

Connected cars offer incredible convenience and functionality, but they also come with cybersecurity risks. By following the steps outlined in this guide—keeping your software updated, using strong passwords, and securing your network connections—you can protect your vehicle from potential threats.

Remember, cybersecurity is an ongoing effort. Stay vigilant, regularly review your car’s security settings, and take proactive measures to ensure your connected car remains a safe and secure part of your digital life.